Merge pull request 'Release: promote development → master (old Android WebView support + unsupported-engine telemetry)' (#178) from development into master

The index.html boot guard now fires a fire-and-forget beacon (POST /telemetry/unsupported)
when it turns a client away on the unsupported-engine screen, so the owner can see — on the
Users dashboard beside "app opens" — how many real clients hit it and on which engines.

- Client: navigator.sendBeacon (fetch fallback) with a localStorage dedup keyed by app version
  + reason + Chromium, so a user reopening the app is one report, not ten.
- Gateway: a new unauthenticated POST /telemetry/unsupported handler (the client never booted,
  so it carries no session), per-IP public-limited and body-capped, mirroring the export-download
  route. It folds the beacon into the OTel counter unsupported_engine_total {reason =
  no_bigint/no_proxy/boot_error/other, chromium}, with reason allow-listed and the Chromium major
  reduced to a bounded range (normalizeUnsupported) so a spoofed beacon cannot inflate the metric
  cardinality; the full user agent is logged, not labelled.
- Caddy: /telemetry/* added to the @gateway matcher (else it falls to the landing catch-all).
- Grafana: two panels on the Scrabble — Users dashboard (by reason, by Chromium major).
- Docs: ARCHITECTURE.md §11.

Tests: recordUnsupportedEngine (metric split), normalizeUnsupported (cardinality bounding), and
the handler route end to end (204 / 405 / counter). go build+vet+test and gofmt clean; ui
check/build/e2e green; the client beacon + dedup verified against a forced hard-gate (BigInt
removed) — one POST, deduped on reopen, correct reason/chromium/version labels.

.gitea/workflows/ci.yaml

@@ -399,6 +399,13 @@ jobs:
           mkdir -p "$conf"
           cp -r caddy otelcol prometheus tempo grafana blackbox "$conf"/
           export SCRABBLE_CONFIG_DIR="$conf"
+          # Maintenance page for the redeploy window, mirroring prod-deploy.sh so the SPA
+          # overlay is exercised on the test contour too (not only prod). Raised just before
+          # the recreate and lowered once caddy is back (below); the trap clears it if the
+          # step fails so the contour never sticks in maintenance (and the reseed above wipes a
+          # stale flag anyway). The caddy-routed probes run in the NEXT step, after it is lowered.
+          maint_flag="$conf/caddy/on"
+          trap 'rm -f "$maint_flag"' EXIT
           # Derive the public URLs from the one canonical origin instead of storing each as
           # its own variable (paths are structural SPA routes / the Caddy /_gm sub-path).
           # Exported before build so the VK ID redirect is baked into the SPA.
@@ -430,12 +437,23 @@ jobs:
           # bot on its own host instead (deploy/docker-compose.bot.yml), and the prod
           # main host omits both. Without the profile they would not start here.
           docker compose --ansi never --profile telegram-local build --progress plain
+          # Raise the maintenance page, THEN bring caddy onto the reseeded config mount so it
+          # actually carries the flag: the running caddy sits on the stale pre-reseed mount (the
+          # dir was rm'd + recreated — see the force-recreate note below), so a flag written to
+          # the new dir is invisible until caddy is recreated. With the fresh caddy up, an open
+          # SPA sees the 503 marker + overlay for the whole recreate window, not a bare reconnect.
+          : > "$maint_flag"
+          docker compose --ansi never up -d --force-recreate --no-deps caddy
           docker compose --ansi never --profile telegram-local up -d --remove-orphans
           # The config-only services bind-mount the reseeded config dir. A plain `up -d`
           # leaves them on the previous bind mount (the dir was rm'd + recreated), so a
-          # changed Caddyfile or Grafana dashboard is ignored — force-recreate them to
+          # changed Grafana dashboard is ignored — force-recreate them to pick up the fresh
-          # pick up the fresh config.
+          # config. (Caddy was already recreated above so it would carry the maintenance flag.)
-          docker compose --ansi never up -d --force-recreate --no-deps caddy otelcol prometheus tempo grafana
+          docker compose --ansi never up -d --force-recreate --no-deps otelcol prometheus tempo grafana
+          # Lower the maintenance page: services are back. An open SPA's poll now gets through
+          # (once the gateway finishes booting) and reloads into the fresh client; the caddy
+          # probes in the next step see 200. The EXIT trap is a backstop if we failed earlier.
+          rm -f "$maint_flag"
 
       - name: Probe the landing, gateway and backend
         run: |

.gitea/workflows/prod-deploy.yaml

@@ -46,6 +46,12 @@ jobs:
       # VITE_GATEWAY_URL omitted: the SPA is served same-origin (compose ":-" default).
       POSTGRES_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.PROD_POSTGRES_PASSWORD }}
       GM_BASICAUTH_HASH: ${{ secrets.PROD_GM_BASICAUTH_HASH }}
+      # `docker compose build` interpolates the WHOLE compose file, so every :?-guarded
+      # runtime var must be present at build even though it is not a build-arg — incl. the
+      # backend's EXPORT_SIGN_KEY (added with the finished-game export after v1.7.0, which is
+      # why the first v1.8.0 build tripped on it). POSTGRES_PASSWORD/GM_BASICAUTH_HASH above
+      # are here for the same reason; DICT_VERSION + the derived Mini App URL cover the rest.
+      EXPORT_SIGN_KEY: ${{ secrets.PROD_EXPORT_SIGN_KEY }}
       # PUBLIC_BASE_URL drives the derived VK ID redirect (baked into the SPA) and the
       # Mini App URL; both are computed in the build step, not stored variables.
       PUBLIC_BASE_URL: ${{ vars.PROD_PUBLIC_BASE_URL }}

deploy/README.md

@@ -190,6 +190,16 @@ public site. After `master` is green this workflow is the **only** thing that to
 prod — nothing auto-deploys there. It runs four visible jobs: **build → deploy-main →
 deploy-bot → verify** (the per-service rolling shows in the deploy-main log).
 
+**Maintenance page.** During the roll (and any migration window) `prod-deploy.sh` raises a
+flag the edge caddy serves a static 503 "технические работы" page from
+(`deploy/caddy/maintenance.html`), for the user-facing routes only — `/_gm` (Grafana) stays
+reachable. The flag is cleared on any exit (success, a health failure + rollback, or an
+error) by a shell trap, so it can never stick on. It arms from this feature's own deploy
+onward (the caddy carrying the gate must be live first). This is **not** a zero-downtime
+deploy — the backend is a single stateful instance (in-memory game state + push hub, no
+Redis), so its swap still blips (clients auto-reconnect the live stream); the page just
+makes the window graceful instead of raw 502s.
+
 **Versioning.** Each release is a git tag `vX.Y.Z` on `master`; the deploy stamps
 `git describe --tags` into every image tag, every binary (`-ldflags` → `pkg/version` →
 the `service.version` telemetry attribute) and the SPA About screen. Tag the release
@@ -222,7 +232,11 @@ together with the fresh CA.
 **Sizing / monitoring:** the main host launches undersized (2 vCPU / 1.9 GiB); the prod
 overlay trims limits + `GOMAXPROCS=2` + 7d Prometheus retention, and `node_exporter` feeds
 host memory to Grafana (`/_gm/grafana/`). Watch host memory and resize at Selectel when
-players arrive.
+players arrive. The per-container memory caps are enforced (Compose v2 → cgroup), so no one
+service can eat all RAM, but they **overcommit** the host (~2.8 GiB of caps vs 1.9 GiB) — a
+**1 GiB swap file** (Ansible `common` role, `swap_size`, `vm.swappiness=10`) cushions a
+simultaneous spike into swap instead of the kernel OOM-killer. The `host_mem_low` Grafana
+alert fires under 10% available.
 
 **Shared Gitea set** (one unprefixed entry each, used by every contour) — secrets:
 `GATEWAY_VK_APP_SECRET, GATEWAY_VK_ID_CLIENT_SECRET, SMTP_RELAY_USER, SMTP_RELAY_PASS`;

deploy/ansible/group_vars/all.yml

@@ -19,3 +19,11 @@ scrabble_base_dir: /opt/scrabble
 # the host's own containers (and any ad-hoc runs) rotate identically.
 docker_log_max_size: "10m"
 docker_log_max_file: "3"
+
+# Swap file as an OOM cushion. The per-container memory caps (docker-compose.prod.yml)
+# sum to more than the tight main host's RAM (2 vCPU / 1.9 GiB), so a simultaneous
+# spike could otherwise hit the kernel OOM-killer and it might pick postgres. A small
+# swap absorbs the overshoot; swappiness stays low so swap is a cushion, not a hot
+# path (a slow service beats a killed one). Set swap_size to "0" to skip provisioning.
+swap_size: "1G"
+swap_swappiness: 10

deploy/ansible/roles/common/tasks/main.yml

@@ -150,6 +150,57 @@
     enabled: true
     state: started
 
+# --- Swap file (OOM cushion) ---------------------------------------------------
+# The prod main host is tight (1.9 GiB) and the per-container memory caps
+# (docker-compose.prod.yml) sum to more than RAM, so a simultaneous spike could hit
+# the kernel OOM-killer (which might pick postgres). A small swap absorbs the
+# overshoot. Idempotent; skipped when swap_size == "0". Builtin-only (no ansible.posix).
+
+- name: Check whether the swap file is already active
+  ansible.builtin.command: swapon --show=NAME --noheadings
+  register: swap_active
+  changed_when: false
+  when: swap_size != "0"
+
+- name: Allocate the swap file
+  ansible.builtin.command:
+    cmd: "fallocate -l {{ swap_size }} /swapfile"
+    creates: /swapfile
+  when: swap_size != "0" and '/swapfile' not in swap_active.stdout
+
+- name: Secure the swap file (0600)
+  ansible.builtin.file:
+    path: /swapfile
+    owner: root
+    group: root
+    mode: "0600"
+  when: swap_size != "0"
+
+- name: Format and enable the swap file
+  ansible.builtin.shell: "mkswap /swapfile && swapon /swapfile"
+  when: swap_size != "0" and '/swapfile' not in swap_active.stdout
+
+- name: Persist the swap file in /etc/fstab
+  ansible.builtin.lineinfile:
+    path: /etc/fstab
+    line: "/swapfile none swap sw 0 0"
+    regexp: '^/swapfile\s'
+    state: present
+  when: swap_size != "0"
+
+- name: Keep swap a cushion, not a hot path (low swappiness)
+  ansible.builtin.copy:
+    dest: /etc/sysctl.d/60-scrabble-swap.conf
+    mode: "0644"
+    content: "vm.swappiness = {{ swap_swappiness }}\n"
+  register: swappiness_conf
+  when: swap_size != "0"
+
+- name: Apply swappiness now
+  ansible.builtin.command: sysctl --system
+  changed_when: false
+  when: swap_size != "0" and swappiness_conf is changed
+
 # --- Deploy directories --------------------------------------------------------
 
 - name: Create the scrabble base directories

deploy/caddy/Caddyfile

@@ -33,6 +33,39 @@
 	# is the prod fix. Background + alternatives (incl. serving h3 for real): docs/EDGE_HTTP3.md.
 	header Alt-Svc clear
 
+	# Maintenance gate. While the deploy holds the flag file /srv/maint/on (touched by
+	# prod-deploy.sh around a rolling swap, removed on the script's exit), serve a static
+	# 503 "works in progress" page instead of proxying to a mid-recreate upstream —
+	# a graceful signal rather than raw 502s. Operator surfaces (/_gm) are excluded so
+	# Grafana stays reachable during the window. Caddy stat()s the flag per request, so
+	# toggling it needs no reload; the page + flag live in the caddy config dir bind-mounted
+	# read-only at /srv/maint (docker-compose.yml). The test contour never sets the flag
+	# (only prod-deploy.sh does), so this is inert there.
+	@maintenance {
+		not path /_gm /_gm/*
+		file {
+			root /srv/maint
+			try_files on
+		}
+	}
+	handle @maintenance {
+		error 503
+	}
+	handle_errors {
+		@maint503 expression {err.status_code} == 503
+		handle @maint503 {
+			root * /srv/maint
+			rewrite * /maintenance.html
+			header Retry-After 120
+			# Distinctive maintenance marker so the SPA can tell a planned window apart from
+			# a transient upstream 503 and show its own dimmed overlay (an in-session user
+			# never sees this static page — it only renders on a fresh load). The header
+			# rides every gated response, incl. the Connect/gRPC edge the app polls.
+			header X-Scrabble-Maintenance 1
+			file_server
+		}
+	}
+
 	# Operator surfaces under /_gm: a single shared Basic-Auth, then route.
 	@gm path /_gm /_gm/*
 	handle @gm {
@@ -53,7 +86,7 @@
 	# The game SPA and the Connect edge are served by the gateway. Strip any
 	# client-supplied X-Scrabble-Honeypot here so the gateway only ever honours the
 	# tag the honeypot block sets below (a client cannot self-tag a real request).
-	@gateway path /app /app/* /telegram /telegram/* /vk /vk/* /dict/* /dl/* /metrics/* /scrabble.edge.v1.Gateway/*
+	@gateway path /app /app/* /telegram /telegram/* /vk /vk/* /dict/* /dl/* /metrics/* /telemetry/* /scrabble.edge.v1.Gateway/*
 	handle @gateway {
 		reverse_proxy gateway:8081 {
 			header_up -X-Scrabble-Honeypot

deploy/caddy/maintenance.html

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+<!doctype html>
+<!--
+  Served with 503 by the edge caddy while the deploy holds the maintenance flag
+  (/srv/maint/on, toggled by deploy/prod-deploy.sh around a rolling swap). Static and
+  self-contained (no upstream, no external assets) so it renders while the backend /
+  gateway are mid-recreate.
+-->
+<html lang="ru">
+<head>
+  <meta charset="utf-8">
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+  <meta name="robots" content="noindex">
+  <title>Эрудит — технические работы</title>
+  <style>
+    :root { color-scheme: light dark; }
+    html, body { height: 100%; margin: 0; }
+    body {
+      display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
+      font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
+      background: #f4f1ea; color: #2b2b2b;
+      padding: 24px; box-sizing: border-box;
+    }
+    @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) { body { background: #1d1b17; color: #e8e4da; } }
+    .card { max-width: 30rem; text-align: center; line-height: 1.5; }
+    .tile {
+      display: inline-block; width: 3.5rem; height: 3.5rem; line-height: 3.5rem;
+      font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 700; border-radius: 10px;
+      background: #d9b451; color: #2b2b2b; box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.25);
+      margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
+    }
+    h1 { font-size: 1.4rem; margin: 0 0 .5rem; }
+    p { margin: .35rem 0; }
+    .en { opacity: .7; font-size: .95rem; }
+  </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+  <main class="card">
+    <div class="tile">Э</div>
+    <h1>Технические работы</h1>
+    <p>Идёт короткое обновление игры. Мы скоро вернёмся — обновите страницу через пару минут.</p>
+    <p class="en">Scrabble is briefly down for an update. Please refresh in a couple of minutes.</p>
+  </main>
+</body>
+</html>

deploy/docker-compose.yml

@@ -428,6 +428,11 @@ services:
       GM_BASICAUTH_HASH: ${GM_BASICAUTH_HASH:?set GM_BASICAUTH_HASH}
     volumes:
       - ${SCRABBLE_CONFIG_DIR:-.}/caddy/Caddyfile:/etc/caddy/Caddyfile:ro
+      # Maintenance page + toggle flag: the caddy config dir holds maintenance.html and the
+      # `on` flag prod-deploy.sh touches around a rolling swap; the Caddyfile serves a 503
+      # from here while the flag exists (read-only mount — the deploy writes the flag on the
+      # host side). See deploy/caddy/Caddyfile and deploy/prod-deploy.sh.
+      - ${SCRABBLE_CONFIG_DIR:-.}/caddy:/srv/maint:ro
       - caddy-data:/data
     deploy:
       resources:

deploy/grafana/dashboards/users.json

@@ -56,6 +56,22 @@
       "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 24 },
       "datasource": { "type": "prometheus", "uid": "prometheus" },
       "targets": [{ "refId": "A", "expr": "sum(rate(local_eval_preview_total[1h])) by (path)", "legendFormat": "{{path}}" }]
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "title": "Unsupported-engine screens (cumulative by reason)",
+      "description": "Clients turned away by the index.html boot guard because the engine cannot run the app (an old Android System WebView), by reason: no_bigint / no_proxy (a missing unpolyfillable primitive) or boot_error (an uncaught startup failure). Deduped per device/version, so this counts distinct blocked installs, not launches. The effective floor is Chrome 67 (BigInt).",
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 0, "y": 32 },
+      "datasource": { "type": "prometheus", "uid": "prometheus" },
+      "targets": [{ "refId": "A", "expr": "sum(unsupported_engine_total) by (reason)", "legendFormat": "{{reason}}" }]
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "title": "Unsupported engines by Chromium (rate)",
+      "description": "The same blocked clients by reported Chromium major version — which old in-app WebViews are still in the wild. \"other\" is an unparseable or out-of-range version.",
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 12, "y": 32 },
+      "datasource": { "type": "prometheus", "uid": "prometheus" },
+      "targets": [{ "refId": "A", "expr": "sum(rate(unsupported_engine_total[1h])) by (chromium)", "legendFormat": "Chromium {{chromium}}" }]
     }
   ]
 }

deploy/prod-deploy.sh

@@ -42,6 +42,15 @@ PREV_STATE_FILE="${PREV_STATE_FILE:-/opt/scrabble/PREVIOUS_TAG}"
 PG_USER="${POSTGRES_USER:-scrabble}"
 PG_DB="${POSTGRES_DB:-scrabble}"
 
+# Edge maintenance page. caddy serves a static 503 "works in progress" page for the
+# user-facing routes while this flag file exists (deploy/caddy/Caddyfile). We hold it
+# across the roll / migration window and clear it on ANY exit — success, a health
+# failure + rollback, or an unexpected error — via the trap, so users get a graceful
+# page instead of raw mid-swap 502s and the flag can never get stuck on.
+MAINT_FLAG="${MAINT_FLAG:-${SCRABBLE_CONFIG_DIR:-/opt/scrabble}/caddy/on}"
+maint_off() { rm -f "$MAINT_FLAG" 2>/dev/null || true; }
+trap maint_off EXIT
+
 cd "$COMPOSE_DIR" || { echo "compose dir $COMPOSE_DIR missing"; exit 1; }
 export REGISTRY
 # otelcol joins the host docker group to read the socket; the GID varies per host.
@@ -119,6 +128,13 @@ if [ -z "$(docker ps -aq -f name=scrabble-backend)" ]; then
   exit 0
 fi
 
+# Existing stack: raise the maintenance page for the whole roll (and any migration
+# window). It shows once caddy carries the gate (from this feature's own deploy
+# onward); the EXIT trap lowers it however this run ends.
+mkdir -p "$(dirname "$MAINT_FLAG")"
+: > "$MAINT_FLAG"
+echo "maintenance page raised ($MAINT_FLAG)"
+
 # Migration deploy: freeze writes and snapshot a consistent dump before migrating.
 if [ "$MIGRATION" = 1 ]; then
   echo "migration deploy: opening maintenance window (stopping the backend = the only writer)"

docs/ARCHITECTURE.md

@@ -1070,6 +1070,17 @@ browser), so an open in-app session reflects it at once.
   it fills IndexedDB — and is surfaced on the **Scrabble — Users** dashboard. Lossy by
   design (a dropped beacon just retries its batch on the next flush); it is telemetry, never
   a game input.
+- **Unsupported-engine screens (client-reported):** the ES5 boot guard in `index.html` (§13)
+  shows a full-screen "your device's OS or browser can't run the app" screen — instead of a white
+  screen — when the engine lacks an unpolyfillable essential (`BigInt`, the 64-bit FlatBuffers
+  decode; or `Proxy`, Svelte 5 runes) or an uncaught error aborts boot; the effective floor is
+  Chrome 67. It then fires one fire-and-forget beacon (`POST /telemetry/unsupported` —
+  unauthenticated, since the client never booted, but per-IP public-limited and body-capped),
+  deduped in `localStorage` by app version + reason + Chromium so a user reopening the app is one
+  report. The gateway folds it into `unsupported_engine_total` (`reason` =
+  no_bigint/no_proxy/boot_error/other; `chromium` = the major version reduced to a bounded range so
+  a spoofed beacon cannot inflate cardinality) and logs the full user agent (not a label). Surfaced
+  on the **Scrabble — Users** dashboard beside app opens.
 - **Rate-limit observability:** every limiter rejection increments the gateway
   counter `gateway_rate_limited_total` (`class` = user/public/email/admin — aggregate
   only, honouring the no-per-user-label discipline above) and logs one **Debug** line;

gateway/internal/connectsrv/metrics.go

@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ type serverMetrics struct {
 	localColdStart metric.Int64Counter
 	localDictLoad  metric.Int64Counter
 	localPreview   metric.Int64Counter
+	// Clients turned away by the unsupported-engine boot screen (see unsupportedEngineHandler).
+	unsupportedEngine metric.Int64Counter
 }
 
 // newServerMetrics builds the instruments on meter (nil selects a no-op meter),
@@ -63,6 +65,8 @@ func newServerMetrics(meter metric.Meter) *serverMetrics {
 		localColdStart: counterOf(meter, "local_eval_cold_start_total", "App cold starts reported by clients — the denominator for local-move-preview adoption."),
 		localDictLoad:  counterOf(meter, "local_eval_dict_load_total", "Client dictionary loads for the local move preview, by result (fetched, cache_hit or miss)."),
 		localPreview:   counterOf(meter, "local_eval_preview_total", "Client move previews, by path (local on-device, or network fallback)."),
+		unsupportedEngine: counterOf(meter, "unsupported_engine_total",
+			"Clients that hit the unsupported-engine boot screen (the app cannot run), by reason (no_bigint, no_proxy, boot_error, other) and Chromium major — a deduped beacon from the index.html boot guard; the full user agent is logged, not labelled."),
 	}
 
 	gauge, err := meter.Int64ObservableGauge("active_users",
@@ -108,6 +112,16 @@ func (m *serverMetrics) recordBan(ctx context.Context, reason string) {
 	m.banned.Add(ctx, 1, metric.WithAttributes(attribute.String("reason", reason)))
 }
 
+// recordUnsupportedEngine counts one client turned away by the unsupported-engine boot screen,
+// labelled by reason and Chromium major. The caller passes both already reduced to bounded label
+// sets (see normalizeUnsupported) so a spoofed beacon cannot explode the metric cardinality.
+func (m *serverMetrics) recordUnsupportedEngine(ctx context.Context, reason, chromium string) {
+	m.unsupportedEngine.Add(ctx, 1, metric.WithAttributes(
+		attribute.String("reason", reason),
+		attribute.String("chromium", chromium),
+	))
+}
+
 // localEvalReport is the client-reported local move-preview telemetry batch — deltas since
 // the client's previous report. It backs the adoption dashboard: app cold starts vs cached
 // dictionaries vs on-device previews.

gateway/internal/connectsrv/metrics_test.go

@@ -128,3 +128,70 @@ func TestBannedMetric(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("banned counts = %v, want tripwire=2 honeytoken=1", counts)
 	}
 }
+
+// TestUnsupportedEngineMetric records unsupported-engine beacons through a manual reader and asserts
+// unsupported_engine_total splits by reason and Chromium major.
+func TestUnsupportedEngineMetric(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	reader := sdkmetric.NewManualReader()
+	meter := sdkmetric.NewMeterProvider(sdkmetric.WithReader(reader)).Meter("test")
+	m := newServerMetrics(meter)
+
+	m.recordUnsupportedEngine(ctx, "no_bigint", "66")
+	m.recordUnsupportedEngine(ctx, "no_bigint", "66")
+	m.recordUnsupportedEngine(ctx, "boot_error", "74")
+
+	var rm metricdata.ResourceMetrics
+	if err := reader.Collect(ctx, &rm); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("collect: %v", err)
+	}
+	type key struct{ reason, chromium string }
+	counts := map[key]int64{}
+	for _, sm := range rm.ScopeMetrics {
+		for _, md := range sm.Metrics {
+			if md.Name != "unsupported_engine_total" {
+				continue
+			}
+			sum, ok := md.Data.(metricdata.Sum[int64])
+			if !ok {
+				t.Fatalf("unsupported_engine_total is not an int64 sum")
+			}
+			for _, dp := range sum.DataPoints {
+				reason, _ := dp.Attributes.Value(attribute.Key("reason"))
+				chromium, _ := dp.Attributes.Value(attribute.Key("chromium"))
+				counts[key{reason.AsString(), chromium.AsString()}] += dp.Value
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if got := counts[key{"no_bigint", "66"}]; got != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("unsupported no_bigint/66 = %d, want 2", got)
+	}
+	if got := counts[key{"boot_error", "74"}]; got != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("unsupported boot_error/74 = %d, want 1", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestNormalizeUnsupported checks that a beacon's reason and Chromium are reduced to bounded label
+// values, so a spoofed beacon cannot explode the metric cardinality.
+func TestNormalizeUnsupported(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		reason, chromium         string
+		wantReason, wantChromium string
+	}{
+		{"no_bigint", "66", "no_bigint", "66"},
+		{"no_proxy", " 74 ", "no_proxy", "74"},
+		{"boot_error", "105", "boot_error", "105"},
+		{"garbage", "66", "other", "66"},
+		{"", "", "other", "other"},
+		{"no_bigint", "not-a-number", "no_bigint", "other"},
+		{"no_bigint", "9999", "no_bigint", "other"},
+		{"no_bigint", "0", "no_bigint", "other"},
+		{"no_bigint", "-5", "no_bigint", "other"},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		gotR, gotC := normalizeUnsupported(c.reason, c.chromium)
+		if gotR != c.wantReason || gotC != c.wantChromium {
+			t.Errorf("normalizeUnsupported(%q,%q) = %q,%q; want %q,%q", c.reason, c.chromium, gotR, gotC, c.wantReason, c.wantChromium)
+		}
+	}
+}

gateway/internal/connectsrv/server.go

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -197,6 +198,9 @@ func (s *Server) HTTPHandler() http.Handler {
 	mux.Handle("/dl/", s.exportDownloadHandler())
 	// The client posts its local-move-preview adoption telemetry here (session-gated).
 	mux.Handle("/metrics/local-eval", s.localEvalMetricsHandler())
+	// The index.html boot guard beacons here when it turns a client away on the unsupported-engine
+	// screen (the app cannot run). Unauthenticated — the client never booted — but rate-limited.
+	mux.Handle("/telemetry/unsupported", s.unsupportedEngineHandler())
 	// The embedded UI: the game SPA under /app/ (web), /telegram/ (the Telegram Mini
 	// App) and /vk/ (the VK Mini App) — the single-origin model (docs/ARCHITECTURE.md
 	// §13). All sit below the h2c wrap so the Connect edge (a more specific prefix) keeps
@@ -582,6 +586,76 @@ func clampReport(r *localEvalReport) {
 	clamp(&r.PreviewNetwork)
 }
 
+// unsupportedEngineBeacon is the small fire-and-forget report the index.html boot guard sends when
+// it turns a client away on the unsupported-engine screen (no BigInt/Proxy, or an uncaught boot
+// error). It is deduped client-side (one per device / app version / reason).
+type unsupportedEngineBeacon struct {
+	Reason   string `json:"reason"`
+	Chromium string `json:"chromium"`
+	Version  string `json:"version"`
+	UA       string `json:"ua"`
+}
+
+// unsupportedEngineHandler folds one unsupported-engine beacon into the edge counter. It is
+// unauthenticated (the client never booted, so it carries no session) but per-IP rate-limited with
+// the public limiter and body-capped. reason and the Chromium major are reduced to bounded label
+// sets (normalizeUnsupported) so a spoofed beacon cannot inflate the metric cardinality; the full
+// user agent is logged, not labelled. Only POST; the reply is always 204.
+func (s *Server) unsupportedEngineHandler() http.Handler {
+	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if r.Method != http.MethodPost {
+			http.Error(w, "method not allowed", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
+			return
+		}
+		ip := peerIP(r.RemoteAddr, r.Header)
+		if !s.limiter.Allow("public:"+ip, s.publicPolicy) {
+			s.noteRateLimited(r.Context(), classPublic, ip, "unsupported")
+			http.Error(w, "rate limited", http.StatusTooManyRequests)
+			return
+		}
+		var b unsupportedEngineBeacon
+		if err := json.NewDecoder(io.LimitReader(r.Body, 2048)).Decode(&b); err != nil {
+			http.Error(w, "bad request", http.StatusBadRequest)
+			return
+		}
+		reason, chromium := normalizeUnsupported(b.Reason, b.Chromium)
+		s.metrics.recordUnsupportedEngine(r.Context(), reason, chromium)
+		s.log.Info("unsupported engine",
+			zap.String("reason", reason),
+			zap.String("chromium", chromium),
+			zap.String("app_version", truncate(b.Version, 40)),
+			zap.String("user_agent", truncate(b.UA, 400)),
+		)
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
+	})
+}
+
+// normalizeUnsupported reduces a beacon's reason and Chromium fields to bounded label values, so a
+// spoofed beacon cannot explode the metric cardinality: reason is allow-listed, and Chromium is
+// parsed as a major version kept only within a plausible range, otherwise "other".
+func normalizeUnsupported(reason, chromium string) (string, string) {
+	switch reason {
+	case "no_bigint", "no_proxy", "boot_error":
+		// a recognised reason — keep as-is
+	default:
+		reason = "other"
+	}
+	major := "other"
+	if n, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(chromium)); err == nil && n >= 1 && n <= 199 {
+		major = strconv.Itoa(n)
+	}
+	return reason, major
+}
+
+// truncate bounds a logged, client-supplied string to n bytes (a spoofed beacon field is not
+// trusted to be small).
+func truncate(s string, n int) string {
+	if len(s) > n {
+		return s[:n]
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
 // resolve extracts and resolves the Authorization bearer token to an account id
 // and its guest flag, returning a Connect Unauthenticated error when it is missing
 // or unknown.

gateway/internal/connectsrv/telemetry_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package connectsrv_test
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/attribute"
+	sdkmetric "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric/metricdata"
+
+	"scrabble/gateway/internal/config"
+	"scrabble/gateway/internal/connectsrv"
+	"scrabble/gateway/internal/ratelimit"
+)
+
+// TestUnsupportedEngineHandler drives the /telemetry/unsupported beacon route end to end: a POST
+// increments unsupported_engine_total with the normalised labels and replies 204; a GET is 405.
+func TestUnsupportedEngineHandler(t *testing.T) {
+	reader := sdkmetric.NewManualReader()
+	meter := sdkmetric.NewMeterProvider(sdkmetric.WithReader(reader)).Meter("test")
+	edge := connectsrv.NewServer(connectsrv.Deps{
+		Limiter:   ratelimit.New(),
+		RateLimit: config.DefaultRateLimit(),
+		Meter:     meter,
+	})
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(edge.HTTPHandler())
+	defer srv.Close()
+	url := srv.URL + "/telemetry/unsupported"
+
+	// A GET is rejected.
+	getResp, err := http.Get(url)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("get: %v", err)
+	}
+	getResp.Body.Close()
+	if getResp.StatusCode != http.StatusMethodNotAllowed {
+		t.Errorf("GET status = %d, want 405", getResp.StatusCode)
+	}
+
+	// A POST is accepted (204) and folded into the counter with normalised labels.
+	body := `{"reason":"no_bigint","chromium":"66","version":"v1.2.3","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 ... Chrome/66"}`
+	resp, err := http.Post(url, "application/json", bytes.NewBufferString(body))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("post: %v", err)
+	}
+	resp.Body.Close()
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusNoContent {
+		t.Errorf("POST status = %d, want 204", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+
+	var rm metricdata.ResourceMetrics
+	if err := reader.Collect(context.Background(), &rm); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("collect: %v", err)
+	}
+	var total int64
+	for _, sm := range rm.ScopeMetrics {
+		for _, md := range sm.Metrics {
+			if md.Name != "unsupported_engine_total" {
+				continue
+			}
+			sum, ok := md.Data.(metricdata.Sum[int64])
+			if !ok {
+				t.Fatalf("unsupported_engine_total is not an int64 sum")
+			}
+			for _, dp := range sum.DataPoints {
+				reason, _ := dp.Attributes.Value(attribute.Key("reason"))
+				chromium, _ := dp.Attributes.Value(attribute.Key("chromium"))
+				if reason.AsString() != "no_bigint" || chromium.AsString() != "66" {
+					t.Errorf("labels = %s/%s, want no_bigint/66", reason.AsString(), chromium.AsString())
+				}
+				total += dp.Value
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if total != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("unsupported_engine_total = %d, want 1", total)
+	}
+}

ui/e2e/maintenance.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import { expect, test } from './fixtures';
+
+// The maintenance overlay is raised in prod by the edge 503 marker (X-Scrabble-Maintenance);
+// the mock transport never produces one, so — like the offline indicator — the e2e drives it
+// through the window.__maint hook (gateway.ts, mock-only). It is app-global (mounted outside
+// the route blocks in App.svelte), so it shows without a session.
+test('maintenance overlay covers the app and lifts on recovery', async ({ page }) => {
+  await page.goto('/');
+  await expect(page.getByRole('alertdialog')).toHaveCount(0);
+
+  // A planned deploy window begins: a non-dismissable dimmed overlay covers the app.
+  await page.evaluate(() => (window as unknown as { __maint: { on(): void } }).__maint.on());
+  const overlay = page.getByRole('alertdialog');
+  await expect(overlay).toBeVisible();
+  // The retry button is present (EN "Try again" / RU "Повторить" depending on locale).
+  await expect(overlay.getByRole('button', { name: /again|Повторить/i })).toBeVisible();
+
+  // The window ends — in prod the store's poll lifts it on the first successful read; the mock
+  // has no probe, so it clears explicitly. The overlay disappears with no page reload.
+  await page.evaluate(() => (window as unknown as { __maint: { off(): void } }).__maint.off());
+  await expect(page.getByRole('alertdialog')).toHaveCount(0);
+});
+
+test('recovery reloads the SPA to pick up the fresh client', async ({ page }) => {
+  await page.goto('/');
+  await page.evaluate(() => (window as unknown as { __maint: { on(): void } }).__maint.on());
+  await expect(page.getByRole('alertdialog')).toBeVisible();
+
+  // Real recovery reloads the page (the deploy may have shipped an incompatible client, and the
+  // running bundle is the old one). Wait for the forced navigation, then confirm the app
+  // re-bootstrapped: the overlay is gone (the store reset by the reload) and the login is back.
+  await Promise.all([
+    page.waitForEvent('load'),
+    page.evaluate(() => (window as unknown as { __maint: { recover(): void } }).__maint.recover()),
+  ]);
+  await expect(page.getByRole('alertdialog')).toHaveCount(0);
+  await expect(page.getByRole('button', { name: /guest/i })).toBeVisible();
+});

ui/index.html

@@ -2,6 +2,240 @@
 <html lang="ru">
   <head>
     <meta charset="UTF-8" />
+    <!-- Boot capability guard. Runs before the deferred ES module, in plain ES5 so it survives even
+         on an engine too old to parse the bundle. Three jobs, as early as possible:
+           1. Hard gate — if an UNPOLYFILLABLE essential is missing (BigInt for the 64-bit
+              FlatBuffers wire decode, Proxy for Svelte 5 runes) the app cannot run at all: show the
+              unsupported-engine screen (an old Android System WebView, e.g. Chromium 66, is the case
+              this guards) instead of a white screen.
+           2. Soft gate — if only polyfillable es2020+ globals are missing (globalThis,
+              structuredClone, Array.at, …) pull core-js (emitted as polyfills.js) BEFORE the module
+              runs. document.write is deliberate: the only way to inject a parser-blocking <script>
+              guaranteed to run ahead of a deferred module; its argument is a static literal, so no
+              injection surface.
+           3. Reactive net — record any uncaught error/rejection during boot; if the app has not
+              signalled window.__booted within a grace period AND an error fired, show the same
+              screen with the captured cause (covers a bundle that fails to parse, or an unforeseen
+              incompatibility). __booted is set in App.svelte once bootstrap resolves.
+         The screen has a "Diagnostic information" view (engine + feature table + reason + version)
+         with a Copy button. On a capable engine nothing here renders, so neither the bundle-size
+         budget nor the mock e2e is affected. -->
+    <script>
+      (function () {
+        'use strict';
+        var nav = navigator;
+        var ua = nav.userAgent || '';
+        var VERSION = '__BOOT_VERSION__'; // replaced at build (vite.config injectBootVersion)
+        var RU = (nav.language || '').toLowerCase().indexOf('ru') === 0;
+        var MINIAPP = /\/(?:telegram|vk)\//.test(location.pathname);
+        var WEBURL = location.protocol + '//' + location.host + '/app/';
+
+        // [label, test, Chrome version it landed in, hard?] — hard = required and unpolyfillable.
+        function has(fn) {
+          try {
+            return !!fn();
+          } catch (e) {
+            return false;
+          }
+        }
+        var probes = [
+          ['BigInt', function () { return typeof BigInt !== 'undefined'; }, 67, true],
+          ['Proxy', function () { return typeof Proxy !== 'undefined'; }, 49, true],
+          ['globalThis', function () { return typeof globalThis !== 'undefined'; }, 71, false],
+          ['structuredClone', function () { return typeof structuredClone === 'function'; }, 98, false],
+          ['Array.prototype.at', function () { return typeof [].at === 'function'; }, 92, false],
+          ['Array.prototype.findLast', function () { return typeof [].findLast === 'function'; }, 97, false],
+          ['Object.hasOwn', function () { return typeof Object.hasOwn === 'function'; }, 93, false],
+          ['Object.fromEntries', function () { return typeof Object.fromEntries === 'function'; }, 73, false],
+          ['Promise.allSettled', function () { return !!Promise.allSettled; }, 76, false],
+          ['Promise.any', function () { return !!Promise.any; }, 85, false],
+          ['WeakRef', function () { return typeof WeakRef !== 'undefined'; }, 84, false],
+          ['queueMicrotask', function () { return typeof queueMicrotask === 'function'; }, 71, false]
+        ];
+        var results = [];
+        var hardMissing = [];
+        var softMissing = false;
+        for (var i = 0; i < probes.length; i++) {
+          var ok = has(probes[i][1]);
+          results.push({ name: probes[i][0], ok: ok, chrome: probes[i][2], hard: probes[i][3] });
+          if (!ok) {
+            if (probes[i][3]) hardMissing.push(probes[i][0]);
+            else softMissing = true;
+          }
+        }
+
+        // The diagnostic report (built on demand, behind the button).
+        function diag(reason) {
+          var cm = /Chrom(?:e|ium)\/(\d+)/.exec(ua);
+          var wv = /;\s*wv\)/.test(ua) || /\bwv\b/.test(ua);
+          var out = [];
+          out.push('reason    : ' + reason);
+          out.push('app       : ' + VERSION);
+          out.push('chromium  : ' + (cm ? cm[1] : 'n/a') + (wv ? ' (Android WebView)' : ''));
+          out.push('userAgent : ' + ua);
+          out.push('url       : ' + location.href);
+          out.push('viewport  : ' + window.innerWidth + 'x' + window.innerHeight + ' @' + (window.devicePixelRatio || 1));
+          out.push('lang      : ' + (nav.language || '?') + '   online: ' + nav.onLine);
+          out.push('');
+          out.push('features:');
+          for (var k = 0; k < results.length; k++) {
+            var r = results[k];
+            out.push('  ' + (r.ok ? 'OK' : 'NO') + '  ' + r.name + '  (' + (r.hard ? 'required' : 'polyfilled') + ', Chrome ' + r.chrome + ')');
+          }
+          return out.join('\n');
+        }
+
+        function el(tag, style, text) {
+          var e = document.createElement(tag);
+          if (style) e.setAttribute('style', style);
+          if (text != null) e.appendChild(document.createTextNode(text));
+          return e;
+        }
+        function btn(bg, fg) {
+          return 'display:inline-block;margin:0 10px 10px 0;padding:11px 18px;border:0;border-radius:8px;' +
+            'font:600 15px/1 inherit;cursor:pointer;color:' + fg + ';background:' + bg + ';';
+        }
+
+        var shown = false;
+        // Fire-and-forget beacon so the gateway can count who hits this screen (Grafana). Deduped
+        // in localStorage by app version + reason + Chromium, so a user reopening the app ten times
+        // is one report. sendBeacon (Chrome 39+, present on the engines that reach here) with a
+        // fetch fallback; both are best-effort and never block or throw.
+        function beacon(code) {
+          try {
+            var cm = /Chrom(?:e|ium)\/(\d+)/.exec(ua);
+            var chromium = cm ? cm[1] : '';
+            var sig = VERSION + '|' + code + '|' + chromium;
+            try {
+              if (localStorage.getItem('scrabble_unsupp') === sig) return;
+            } catch (e) {}
+            var payload = JSON.stringify({ reason: code, chromium: chromium, version: VERSION, ua: ua });
+            var sent = false;
+            try {
+              if (nav.sendBeacon) sent = nav.sendBeacon('/telemetry/unsupported', new Blob([payload], { type: 'application/json' }));
+            } catch (e) {}
+            if (!sent && typeof fetch === 'function') {
+              try {
+                fetch('/telemetry/unsupported', { method: 'POST', body: payload, headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' }, keepalive: true }).catch(function () {});
+                sent = true;
+              } catch (e) {}
+            }
+            if (sent) {
+              try {
+                localStorage.setItem('scrabble_unsupp', sig);
+              } catch (e) {}
+            }
+          } catch (e) {}
+        }
+        function show(reason, code) {
+          if (shown) return;
+          shown = true;
+          beacon(code);
+          var root = el('div', 'position:fixed;left:0;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;z-index:2147483647;overflow:auto;' +
+            '-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;background:#0f1115;color:#e8eaed;box-sizing:border-box;padding:24px;' +
+            'font:16px/1.5 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Arial,sans-serif;');
+          var wrap = el('div', 'max-width:520px;margin:0 auto;');
+          root.appendChild(wrap);
+
+          var msg = el('div', null);
+          msg.appendChild(el('div', 'font-size:22px;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:14px;', 'Эрудит'));
+          msg.appendChild(el('p', 'margin:0 0 14px;', RU
+            ? 'На вашей версии операционной системы или браузера приложение не сможет работать.'
+            : "This app can't run on your device's operating system or browser version."));
+          if (MINIAPP) {
+            msg.appendChild(el('p', 'margin:0 0 6px;', RU
+              ? 'Откройте веб-версию в обычном браузере (Chrome, Firefox):'
+              : 'Open the web version in a regular browser (Chrome, Firefox):'));
+            var a = el('a', 'color:#8ab4ff;word-break:break-all;', WEBURL);
+            a.setAttribute('href', WEBURL);
+            a.setAttribute('target', '_blank');
+            a.setAttribute('rel', 'noopener');
+            var lp = el('p', 'margin:0 0 18px;');
+            lp.appendChild(a);
+            msg.appendChild(lp);
+          }
+          var infoBtn = el('button', btn('#2a2f3a', '#e8eaed'), RU ? 'Диагностическая информация' : 'Diagnostic information');
+          msg.appendChild(infoBtn);
+          wrap.appendChild(msg);
+
+          var dv = el('div', 'display:none;');
+          var pre = el('pre', 'white-space:pre-wrap;word-break:break-word;background:#0b0d11;border-radius:8px;padding:12px;' +
+            'font:12.5px/1.45 ui-monospace,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;overflow:auto;', diag(reason));
+          dv.appendChild(pre);
+          var copyBtn = el('button', btn('#8ab4ff', '#0b0d11'), RU ? 'Копировать' : 'Copy');
+          var backBtn = el('button', btn('#2a2f3a', '#e8eaed'), RU ? 'Назад' : 'Back');
+          var row = el('div', 'margin-top:12px;');
+          row.appendChild(copyBtn);
+          row.appendChild(backBtn);
+          dv.appendChild(row);
+          wrap.appendChild(dv);
+
+          infoBtn.onclick = function () {
+            msg.style.display = 'none';
+            dv.style.display = 'block';
+          };
+          backBtn.onclick = function () {
+            dv.style.display = 'none';
+            msg.style.display = 'block';
+          };
+          copyBtn.onclick = function () {
+            var txt = diag(reason);
+            try {
+              if (nav.clipboard && nav.clipboard.writeText) {
+                nav.clipboard.writeText(txt);
+                copyBtn.firstChild.nodeValue = RU ? 'Скопировано' : 'Copied';
+                return;
+              }
+            } catch (e) {}
+            try {
+              var ta = document.createElement('textarea');
+              ta.value = txt;
+              ta.setAttribute('style', 'position:fixed;left:-9999px;top:0;');
+              document.body.appendChild(ta);
+              ta.select();
+              document.execCommand('copy');
+              document.body.removeChild(ta);
+              copyBtn.firstChild.nodeValue = RU ? 'Скопировано' : 'Copied';
+            } catch (e2) {
+              copyBtn.firstChild.nodeValue = RU ? 'Выделите и скопируйте текст' : 'Select and copy the text';
+            }
+          };
+
+          function mount() {
+            document.body.insertBefore(root, document.body.firstChild);
+          }
+          if (document.body) mount();
+          else document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', mount);
+        }
+
+        // 1 + 2: the gate.
+        if (hardMissing.length) {
+          show((RU ? 'нет: ' : 'missing: ') + hardMissing.join(', '), hardMissing.indexOf('BigInt') >= 0 ? 'no_bigint' : 'no_proxy');
+        } else if (softMissing) {
+          document.write('<script src="polyfills.js"><\/script>');
+        }
+
+        // 3: the reactive net for an unforeseen boot failure.
+        var bootErr = null;
+        function note(m) {
+          if (!bootErr) bootErr = m;
+        }
+        window.onerror = function (m, s, l, c, e) {
+          note(String(m) + (e && e.stack ? '\n' + e.stack : s ? ' @ ' + s + ':' + l : ''));
+          return false;
+        };
+        window.addEventListener('error', function (e) {
+          if (e && e.message) note(e.message + (e.filename ? ' @ ' + e.filename + ':' + e.lineno : ''));
+        }, true);
+        window.addEventListener('unhandledrejection', function (e) {
+          var r = e && e.reason;
+          note(r && (r.stack || r.message) ? r.stack || r.message : String(r));
+        });
+        setTimeout(function () {
+          if (!window.__booted && bootErr && !shown) show((RU ? 'ошибка запуска: ' : 'boot error: ') + bootErr, 'boot_error');
+        }, 8000);
+      })();
+    </script>
     <!-- The SPA shell is an empty client-rendered document behind the public landing — keep it
          out of search indexes (robots.txt deliberately does NOT disallow /app/, so crawlers can
          reach this tag). -->

ui/package.json

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
     "@playwright/test": "^1.49.0",
     "@sveltejs/vite-plugin-svelte": "^5.0.0",
     "@types/node": "^22.10.0",
+    "core-js-bundle": "^3.49.0",
     "svelte": "^5.15.0",
     "svelte-check": "^4.1.0",
     "typescript": "^5.7.0",

ui/pnpm-lock.yaml

@@ -36,6 +36,9 @@ importers:
       '@types/node':
         specifier: ^22.10.0
         version: 22.19.19
+      core-js-bundle:
+        specifier: ^3.49.0
+        version: 3.49.0
       svelte:
         specifier: ^5.15.0
         version: 5.56.0
@@ -508,6 +511,9 @@ packages:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-eYm0QWBtUrBWZWG0d386OGAw16Z995PiOVo2B7bjWSbHedGl5e0ZWaq65kOGgUSNesEIDkB9ISbTg/JK9dhCZA==}
     engines: {node: '>=6'}
 
+  core-js-bundle@3.49.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-WXc7oOsePN3aKFOJVG5zQdi+h/Jm2W0WIPYvRc4IG3vkNcbC2w6LlSzTmnhOl6N1xmOJEzCSNieX3mwF+3zBGw==}
+
   debug@4.4.3:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-RGwwWnwQvkVfavKVt22FGLw+xYSdzARwm0ru6DhTVA3umU5hZc28V3kO4stgYryrTlLpuvgI9GiijltAjNbcqA==}
     engines: {node: '>=6.0'}
@@ -1132,6 +1138,8 @@ snapshots:
 
   clsx@2.1.1: {}
 
+  core-js-bundle@3.49.0: {}
+
   debug@4.4.3:
     dependencies:
       ms: 2.1.3

ui/pnpm-workspace.yaml

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
 # pnpm 11 records build-script approval here. esbuild's postinstall materialises
 # its CLI shim; the platform binary itself ships as an optional dependency.
+# core-js-bundle ships a prebuilt minified.js (we only read that file at build time,
+# via vite.config emitPolyfills) and its install script is just a funding banner, so
+# it is denied — nothing to build.
 allowBuilds:
+  core-js-bundle: false
   esbuild: true

ui/src/App.svelte

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
   import StaleInviteModal from './components/StaleInviteModal.svelte';
   import WelcomeRedeemModal from './components/WelcomeRedeemModal.svelte';
   import Coachmark from './components/Coachmark.svelte';
+  import MaintenanceOverlay from './components/MaintenanceOverlay.svelte';
   import DebugPanel from './components/DebugPanel.svelte';
   import Login from './screens/Login.svelte';
   import Lobby from './screens/Lobby.svelte';
@@ -25,7 +26,12 @@
   import TelegramLaunchError from './screens/TelegramLaunchError.svelte';
 
   onMount(() => {
-    void bootstrap();
+    // Tell the index.html boot guard that startup completed, so its reactive net does not raise the
+    // unsupported-engine screen on a healthy boot — it only fires when an uncaught error occurred
+    // AND this flag never sets (a bundle that failed to parse, or an unforeseen incompatibility).
+    void bootstrap().then(() => {
+      (window as unknown as { __booted?: boolean }).__booted = true;
+    });
   });
 
   // The lobby is the cold-start landing (an empty hash and Telegram launch params both parse
@@ -128,6 +134,7 @@
 <StaleInviteModal />
 <WelcomeRedeemModal />
 <Coachmark />
+<MaintenanceOverlay />
 
 {#if routeIsLobby && !app.splashDone && !app.blocked && !app.bootError && !app.launchError}
   <Splash />

ui/src/components/MaintenanceOverlay.svelte

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+<script lang="ts">
+  // Non-dismissable maintenance cover. Shown while the edge is in a planned deploy window
+  // (maintenance.svelte.ts, raised from a caddy 503 carrying X-Scrabble-Maintenance). It has
+  // no close affordance — an in-session user cannot dismiss it — but the store's poll lifts
+  // it automatically the moment the gateway answers again; the "retry" button just forces an
+  // immediate re-check. Mirrors the static caddy maintenance page (deploy/caddy/maintenance.html)
+  // so a fresh load and an in-session user see the same thing.
+  import { maintenance, retryNow } from '../lib/maintenance.svelte';
+  import { t } from '../lib/i18n/index.svelte';
+</script>
+
+{#if maintenance.active}
+  <div class="scrim" role="alertdialog" aria-modal="true" aria-labelledby="maint-title" aria-describedby="maint-body">
+    <div class="card">
+      <div class="tile" aria-hidden="true">Э</div>
+      <h1 id="maint-title">{t('maintenance.title')}</h1>
+      <p id="maint-body">{t('maintenance.body')}</p>
+      <button type="button" onclick={retryNow}>{t('maintenance.retry')}</button>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+{/if}
+
+<style>
+  .scrim {
+    position: fixed;
+    inset: 0;
+    /* Above the game (z 60) and toasts (z 50) — a planned window covers everything the user
+       could otherwise interact with; below the dev DebugPanel (z 10000). */
+    z-index: 100;
+    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55);
+    display: grid;
+    place-items: center;
+    padding: 24px;
+    box-sizing: border-box;
+  }
+  .card {
+    max-width: 22rem;
+    text-align: center;
+    background: var(--surface);
+    color: var(--text);
+    border-radius: var(--radius);
+    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
+    padding: 2rem 1.5rem;
+  }
+  /* Mirrors a placed board tile (as Splash.svelte / the caddy page do). */
+  .tile {
+    display: inline-grid;
+    place-items: center;
+    width: 3.5rem;
+    height: 3.5rem;
+    font-size: 2rem;
+    font-weight: 700;
+    border-radius: 4px;
+    background: var(--tile-bg);
+    color: var(--tile-text);
+    box-shadow:
+      inset 0 -2px 0 var(--tile-edge),
+      2px 0 3px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
+    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
+  }
+  h1 {
+    font-size: 1.25rem;
+    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
+  }
+  p {
+    margin: 0 0 1.5rem;
+    color: var(--text-muted);
+    line-height: 1.5;
+  }
+  button {
+    font: inherit;
+    padding: 0.55rem 1.4rem;
+    border: 1px solid var(--border);
+    border-radius: var(--radius);
+    background: transparent;
+    color: var(--text);
+    cursor: pointer;
+  }
+  button:hover {
+    border-color: var(--accent);
+    color: var(--accent);
+  }
+</style>

ui/src/game/Board.svelte

@@ -479,6 +479,11 @@
     position: absolute;
     top: 5%;
     left: 8%;
+    /* Chrome < 105 has no container-query units: a dropped `cqw` would inherit the .cell
+       `font-size: 0` and the glyph would vanish. Fall back to a viewport-relative size that tracks
+       the board (≈ the viewport-fitted query container) and the zoom (--z), so old Android System
+       WebViews still draw the tile glyphs. Chrome 105+ takes the exact `cqw` line below. */
+    font-size: calc(4.2vmin * var(--z, 1));
     font-size: 4.2cqw;
     font-weight: 700;
     line-height: 1;
@@ -487,12 +492,14 @@
     position: absolute;
     right: 5%;
     bottom: 3%;
+    font-size: calc(2.4vmin * var(--z, 1)); /* cqw fallback for Chrome < 105 — see .letter */
     font-size: 2.4cqw;
     font-weight: 600;
   }
   /* A placed Erudit blank ("звёздочка") shows its star where the (absent) point value sits,
      its ink centred on the same line as a neighbouring tile's value digit. */
   .blankmark {
+    font-size: calc(2.8vmin * var(--z, 1)); /* cqw fallback for Chrome < 105 — see .letter */
     font-size: 2.8cqw;
     bottom: 0;
   }
@@ -501,6 +508,7 @@
     inset: 0;
     display: grid;
     place-items: center;
+    font-size: calc(3.6vmin * var(--z, 1)); /* cqw fallback for Chrome < 105 — see .letter */
     font-size: 3.6cqw;
     opacity: 0.7;
   }
@@ -509,6 +517,7 @@
     inset: 0;
     display: grid;
     place-items: center;
+    font-size: calc(2.7vmin * var(--z, 1)); /* cqw fallback for Chrome < 105 — see .letter */
     font-size: 2.7cqw;
     font-weight: 600;
     opacity: 0.9;
@@ -526,10 +535,12 @@
     padding: 0 1px;
   }
   .bt {
+    font-size: calc(1.7vmin * var(--z, 1)); /* cqw fallback for Chrome < 105 — see .letter */
     font-size: 1.7cqw;
     font-weight: 600;
   }
   .bb {
+    font-size: calc(1.9vmin * var(--z, 1)); /* cqw fallback for Chrome < 105 — see .letter */
     font-size: 1.9cqw;
     font-weight: 700;
     white-space: nowrap;

ui/src/lib/gateway.ts

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import type { GatewayClient } from './client';
 import { MockGateway } from './mock/client';
 import { createTransport } from './transport';
 import { reportOffline, reportOnline } from './connection.svelte';
+import { clearMaintenance, maintenanceRecovered, reportMaintenance } from './maintenance.svelte';
 
 const isMock = import.meta.env.MODE === 'mock';
 
@@ -20,6 +21,15 @@ if (isMock && typeof window !== 'undefined') {
     offline: reportOffline,
     online: reportOnline,
   };
+  // The mock never produces a real 503, so the e2e drives the maintenance overlay directly
+  // (the store's poll is inert in mock — no probe is registered — so `off` clears it).
+  (
+    window as unknown as { __maint?: { on(retryAfterMs?: number): void; off(): void; recover(): void } }
+  ).__maint = {
+    on: (retryAfterMs = 15000) => reportMaintenance(retryAfterMs),
+    off: clearMaintenance,
+    recover: maintenanceRecovered,
+  };
   // Drive the auto-match opponent join deterministically from the e2e (the mock otherwise
   // attaches a robot on a timer).
   (

ui/src/lib/i18n/en.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ export const en = {
   'app.brand': 'Erudit',
   'dict.loading': 'Loading…',
   'connection.connecting': 'Connecting…',
+  'maintenance.title': 'Under maintenance',
+  'maintenance.body': 'Scrabble is briefly down for an update. It will be back in a moment — no need to reload the page.',
+  'maintenance.retry': 'Try again',
 
   'blocked.title': 'Account blocked',
   'blocked.permanent': 'Your account is blocked.',

ui/src/lib/i18n/ru.ts

@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ export const ru: Record<MessageKey, string> = {
   'app.brand': 'Эрудит',
   'dict.loading': 'Загрузка…',
   'connection.connecting': 'Подключение…',
+  'maintenance.title': 'Технические работы',
+  'maintenance.body': 'Идёт короткое обновление игры. Мы скоро вернёмся — страницу перезагружать не нужно.',
+  'maintenance.retry': 'Повторить',
 
   'blocked.title': 'Учётная запись заблокирована',
   'blocked.permanent': 'Ваша учётная запись заблокирована.',

ui/src/lib/maintenance.svelte.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+// Global maintenance signal + self-clearing poll. `active` is true while the edge is in a
+// planned deploy window (a caddy 503 carried `X-Scrabble-Maintenance`; see maintenance.ts).
+// A non-dismissable overlay (MaintenanceOverlay.svelte) covers the app while active, and a
+// cheap read is retried on a capped-backoff cadence (mirroring connection.svelte.ts) — the
+// first success lifts the overlay, so it can never get stuck even with no other traffic.
+// Mock mode never reports maintenance, so it simply stays inactive.
+
+import { backoffMs } from './retry';
+
+let active = $state(false);
+let retryHintMs = $state(0);
+let pollTimer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null = null;
+let attempt = 0;
+let probing = false;
+let probe: (() => Promise<void>) | null = null;
+
+export const maintenance = {
+  /** active is true while the edge is in a planned maintenance window. */
+  get active(): boolean {
+    return active;
+  },
+  /** retryHintMs is the last Retry-After hint in milliseconds (0 when unknown). */
+  get retryHintMs(): number {
+    return retryHintMs;
+  },
+};
+
+/** registerMaintenanceProbe installs the reachability read the poll fires while active
+ *  (the transport wires a cheap authenticated read). */
+export function registerMaintenanceProbe(fn: () => Promise<void>): void {
+  probe = fn;
+}
+
+/** reportMaintenance raises the overlay and starts the self-clearing poll. Idempotent: a
+ *  repeat hit only refreshes the hint, it never restarts a running poll. */
+export function reportMaintenance(retryAfterMs: number): void {
+  retryHintMs = retryAfterMs;
+  if (active) return;
+  active = true;
+  attempt = 0;
+  if (probe) schedulePoll();
+}
+
+/** clearMaintenance lowers the overlay and stops the poll without reloading (a reset, or the
+ *  e2e hook). Prod recovery goes through maintenanceRecovered instead. */
+export function clearMaintenance(): void {
+  active = false;
+  if (pollTimer) {
+    clearTimeout(pollTimer);
+    pollTimer = null;
+  }
+}
+
+/** maintenanceRecovered runs when the edge answers again after a window we were showing.
+ *  The deploy that ended the window may have shipped a client-incompatible change (a wire /
+ *  schema bump), and the running bundle is the OLD one — so reload to pick up the fresh
+ *  client instead of merely hiding the overlay. A no-op unless the overlay was up; the cover
+ *  stays over the brief reload flash. In prod recovery is the only way the overlay clears. */
+export function maintenanceRecovered(): void {
+  if (!active) return;
+  active = false;
+  if (pollTimer) {
+    clearTimeout(pollTimer);
+    pollTimer = null;
+  }
+  if (typeof location !== 'undefined') location.reload();
+}
+
+/** retryNow forces an immediate re-check (the overlay's button). It never closes the
+ *  overlay itself — only a successful probe does. A no-op while a probe is in flight. */
+export function retryNow(): void {
+  if (!active || !probe || probing) return;
+  if (pollTimer) {
+    clearTimeout(pollTimer);
+    pollTimer = null;
+  }
+  attempt = 0;
+  runProbe();
+}
+
+function schedulePoll(): void {
+  pollTimer = setTimeout(runProbe, backoffMs(++attempt));
+}
+
+function runProbe(): void {
+  pollTimer = null;
+  if (!active || !probe || probing) return;
+  probing = true;
+  probe().then(
+    () => {
+      probing = false;
+      maintenanceRecovered();
+    },
+    () => {
+      probing = false;
+      if (active) schedulePoll();
+    },
+  );
+}

ui/src/lib/maintenance.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { Code, ConnectError } from '@connectrpc/connect';
+import { maintenanceRetryMs, parseRetryAfterMs } from './maintenance';
+
+// A raw ConnectError as connect-web builds it from a non-Connect HTTP 503: the response
+// headers are preserved as `.metadata` (verified against @connectrpc/connect-web).
+const err503 = (headers: Record<string, string>): ConnectError =>
+  new ConnectError('HTTP 503', Code.Unavailable, new Headers(headers));
+
+describe('maintenanceRetryMs', () => {
+  it('detects the marker and parses Retry-After', () => {
+    expect(maintenanceRetryMs(err503({ 'x-scrabble-maintenance': '1', 'retry-after': '120' }))).toBe(120_000);
+  });
+
+  it('matches the header case-insensitively, defaulting the delay when Retry-After is absent', () => {
+    expect(maintenanceRetryMs(err503({ 'X-Scrabble-Maintenance': '1' }))).toBe(15_000);
+  });
+
+  it('returns null for a 503 without the marker (a plain transient failure)', () => {
+    expect(maintenanceRetryMs(err503({ 'retry-after': '30' }))).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it('returns null for non-Connect errors', () => {
+    expect(maintenanceRetryMs(new Error('boom'))).toBeNull();
+    expect(maintenanceRetryMs(undefined)).toBeNull();
+    expect(maintenanceRetryMs('nope')).toBeNull();
+  });
+});
+
+describe('parseRetryAfterMs', () => {
+  it('clamps into the 3s–120s band', () => {
+    expect(parseRetryAfterMs('120')).toBe(120_000);
+    expect(parseRetryAfterMs('1')).toBe(3_000); // floor
+    expect(parseRetryAfterMs('9999')).toBe(120_000); // ceiling
+  });
+
+  it('falls back to the default on absent / garbage / non-positive', () => {
+    expect(parseRetryAfterMs(null)).toBe(15_000);
+    expect(parseRetryAfterMs(undefined)).toBe(15_000);
+    expect(parseRetryAfterMs('soon')).toBe(15_000);
+    expect(parseRetryAfterMs('0')).toBe(15_000);
+    expect(parseRetryAfterMs('-5')).toBe(15_000);
+  });
+});

ui/src/lib/maintenance.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// Detection of a planned edge maintenance window. During a prod deploy roll the edge
+// caddy returns HTTP 503 with an `X-Scrabble-Maintenance: 1` header (and a `Retry-After`)
+// for every gated route. The SPA keys STRICTLY on that marker — not on any transport
+// `unavailable`, which the "Connecting…" indicator already covers — so a planned window
+// raises the maintenance overlay while an ordinary blip stays a soft reconnect.
+//
+// These helpers are pure (no DOM, no runes) so they unit-test in the node vitest env. The
+// maintenance marker + Retry-After ride on the raw ConnectError's `metadata`, which
+// toGatewayError (retry.ts) discards — so detection must run on the raw error.
+
+import { ConnectError } from '@connectrpc/connect';
+
+const DEFAULT_RETRY_MS = 15_000;
+const MIN_RETRY_MS = 3_000;
+const MAX_RETRY_MS = 120_000;
+
+/**
+ * parseRetryAfterMs converts a `Retry-After` header (delta-seconds — the edge emits
+ * seconds, never an HTTP-date) into a millisecond hint clamped to a sane band. An absent
+ * or unparseable value falls back to a default.
+ */
+export function parseRetryAfterMs(header: string | null | undefined): number {
+  const secs = header == null ? NaN : Number(header);
+  if (!Number.isFinite(secs) || secs <= 0) return DEFAULT_RETRY_MS;
+  return Math.min(MAX_RETRY_MS, Math.max(MIN_RETRY_MS, Math.round(secs * 1000)));
+}
+
+/**
+ * maintenanceRetryMs returns the maintenance `Retry-After` hint in milliseconds when the
+ * thrown transport error is the edge maintenance 503 (carries `X-Scrabble-Maintenance: 1`),
+ * or null for any other error. Header lookup is case-insensitive (Headers.get).
+ */
+export function maintenanceRetryMs(e: unknown): number | null {
+  if (!(e instanceof ConnectError)) return null;
+  if (e.metadata?.get('x-scrabble-maintenance') !== '1') return null;
+  return parseRetryAfterMs(e.metadata.get('retry-after'));
+}

ui/src/lib/transport.ts

@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ import { GatewayError, type GatewayClient } from './client';
 import * as codec from './codec';
 import { browserOffset } from './profileValidation';
 import { registerProbe, reportOffline, reportOnline } from './connection.svelte';
+import { maintenanceRecovered, registerMaintenanceProbe, reportMaintenance } from './maintenance.svelte';
+import { maintenanceRetryMs } from './maintenance';
 import { backoffMs, isConnectionCode, retryable, toGatewayError } from './retry';
 
 const MAX_RETRIES = 6;
@@ -28,10 +30,14 @@ export function createTransport(baseUrl: string): GatewayClient {
 
   // The reachability probe the connection watcher fires while offline: a cheap authenticated read
   // (it must reject when there is no session, so the watcher keeps waiting rather than reporting up).
-  registerProbe(async () => {
+  const reachabilityProbe = async (): Promise<void> => {
     if (!token) throw new Error('no session');
     await client.execute({ messageType: 'profile.get', payload: codec.empty(), requestId: '' }, { headers: headers() });
-  });
+  };
+  registerProbe(reachabilityProbe);
+  // The maintenance overlay reuses the same cheap read to poll for the end of a deploy
+  // window; the first success lifts the overlay (maintenance.svelte.ts).
+  registerMaintenanceProbe(reachabilityProbe);
 
   // exec runs one unary op, auto-retrying transient transport failures with capped backoff (so a
   // dropped connection or a rate-limit recovers seamlessly) and driving the global Connecting
@@ -43,6 +49,14 @@ export function createTransport(baseUrl: string): GatewayClient {
         res = await client.execute({ messageType, payload, requestId: '' }, { headers: headers(), signal });
       } catch (e) {
         if (signal?.aborted) throw e; // an intentional cancel (e.g. the tiles moved) — do not retry
+        const maintMs = maintenanceRetryMs(e);
+        if (maintMs !== null) {
+          // A planned deploy window (the edge 503 carried X-Scrabble-Maintenance): raise the
+          // overlay and fail fast — its own poll drives recovery — instead of burning the
+          // retry budget on every read for the length of the window.
+          reportMaintenance(maintMs);
+          throw toGatewayError(e);
+        }
         const err = toGatewayError(e);
         if (retryable(err.code, messageType) && attempt < MAX_RETRIES) {
           reportOffline();
@@ -53,6 +67,9 @@ export function createTransport(baseUrl: string): GatewayClient {
         throw err;
       }
       reportOnline();
+      // A read got through: if the maintenance overlay was up, the deploy window has ended —
+      // reload to pick up the (possibly incompatible) fresh client (maintenance.svelte.ts).
+      maintenanceRecovered();
       if (res.resultCode && res.resultCode !== 'ok') throw new GatewayError(res.resultCode);
       return res.payload;
     }
@@ -310,7 +327,11 @@ export function createTransport(baseUrl: string): GatewayClient {
             if (pe) onEvent(pe);
           }
         } catch (e) {
-          if (!ctrl.signal.aborted) onError?.(toGatewayError(e));
+          if (!ctrl.signal.aborted) {
+            const maintMs = maintenanceRetryMs(e);
+            if (maintMs !== null) reportMaintenance(maintMs);
+            onError?.(toGatewayError(e));
+          }
         }
       })();
       return () => ctrl.abort();

ui/vite.config.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,42 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs';
 import { resolve } from 'node:path';
-import { defineConfig } from 'vite';
+import { defineConfig, type Plugin } from 'vite';
 import { svelte } from '@sveltejs/vite-plugin-svelte';
 
+/**
+ * injectBootVersion stamps the app version into index.html's boot-capability guard, replacing its
+ * __BOOT_VERSION__ placeholder with the same VITE_APP_VERSION build-arg that feeds __APP_VERSION__.
+ * The guard runs before the bundle, so it cannot read the bundle's version; this lets its on-demand
+ * diagnostic report name the client version anyway. Falls back to "dev" for a local build.
+ */
+function injectBootVersion(): Plugin {
+  const version = process.env.VITE_APP_VERSION || 'dev';
+  return {
+    name: 'inject-boot-version',
+    transformIndexHtml(html) {
+      return html.replace(/__BOOT_VERSION__/g, version);
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * emitPolyfills writes the prebuilt core-js bundle to `dist/polyfills.js`. The index.html gate
+ * script loads it via document.write only on an old engine that lacks the es2020+ runtime APIs the
+ * app uses (globalThis, structuredClone, Array.at, …) — e.g. the Chromium 66 Android System WebView
+ * behind the Telegram/VK in-app browser — before the deferred module runs. A modern engine never
+ * requests it, so it adds nothing to that payload and stays out of the module graph the bundle-size
+ * gate measures.
+ */
+function emitPolyfills(): Plugin {
+  return {
+    name: 'emit-polyfills',
+    generateBundle() {
+      const src = readFileSync(resolve(import.meta.dirname, 'node_modules/core-js-bundle/minified.js'), 'utf8');
+      this.emitFile({ type: 'asset', fileName: 'polyfills.js', source: src });
+    },
+  };
+}
+
 // The edge Connect service is scrabble.edge.v1.Gateway; the gateway serves it over
 // h2c on :8081 by default. In dev we proxy the RPC path so the browser (which can
 // not speak h2c directly) talks to the dev server on the same origin. In `mock`
@@ -19,7 +54,9 @@ export default defineConfig(({ mode }) => ({
     // so a missing build-arg never breaks the build.
     __APP_VERSION__: JSON.stringify(process.env.VITE_APP_VERSION || 'dev'),
   },
-  plugins: [svelte()],
+  // emitPolyfills ships dist/polyfills.js (loaded only by old engines; see its docstring + the
+  // index.html boot guard). injectBootVersion stamps the app version into that guard's diagnostic.
+  plugins: [svelte(), emitPolyfills(), injectBootVersion()],
   server: {
     port: 5173,
     proxy:
@@ -33,7 +70,14 @@ export default defineConfig(({ mode }) => ({
           },
   },
   build: {
-    target: 'es2022',
+    // Down-level to es2019 so an old Android System WebView (seen: Telegram/VK in-app WebView on
+    // Chromium 66, Android 9) can parse the bundle — esbuild lowers es2020+ syntax (?., ??, private
+    // fields, static blocks, …) that Chrome 66 rejects with "Unexpected token ?", which left the SPA
+    // on a white screen. esbuild lowers syntax only, not runtime APIs — the es2020+ globals the
+    // bundle/deps call at runtime (globalThis, structuredClone, Array.at, …) are covered separately
+    // by the conditional core-js loader (emitPolyfills + the index.html gate), loaded only on an
+    // engine that actually lacks them.
+    target: 'es2019',
     // Emit sourcemaps everywhere except the production build. A shipped `.map`
     // carries full `sourcesContent` — the entire TypeScript/Svelte source — and the
     // gateway/landing images serve `dist/` verbatim, so production maps would expose