feat(account): VK ID web login to link a VK identity from a browser

A browser has no signed VK Mini App launch params, so linking VK on the web uses
VK ID's raw OAuth 2.1 flow (PKCE, no @vkid/sdk): the SPA redirects to VK's hosted
login and returns with an authorization code, which the gateway exchanges
server-side (confidential, under the VK "Web" app's protected key) for the trusted
vk user id — then the existing link/merge machinery attaches or merges it.

- fbs LinkVKRequest{code, device_id, code_verifier}; codec + TS bindings.
- backend link.Service ConfirmVK/MergeVK/attachVK (KindVK, mirror Telegram),
  handleLinkVK[Merge], routes /user/link/vk[/merge], backendclient LinkVK[Merge].
- gateway internal/vkid confidential code exchange (id.vk.com/oauth2/auth);
  transcode link.vk.confirm/merge (registered only when configured) + config
  GATEWAY_VK_ID_{APP_ID,CLIENT_SECRET,REDIRECT_URL} + main wiring.
- UI lib/vkid (PKCE authorize redirect + callback), Profile "Link VK" control,
  boot callback handling; a merge re-authorizes for a fresh code (VK codes are
  single-use). Web-only (a redirect strands a Mini App webview).
- Deploy: VITE_VK_APP_ID + VITE_VK_ID_REDIRECT_URL build args + gateway env,
  ci.yaml/prod-deploy TEST_/PROD_ vars, compose/Dockerfile/.env.example/README.
- Tests: vkid exchange unit (string/number user_id, id_token fallback, errors),
  transcode link.vk, backend ConfirmVK/MergeVK inttest, codec encodeLinkVK.
- Docs: ARCHITECTURE §4, FUNCTIONAL(+ru), gateway README.

gateway/internal/backendclient/api_social.go

@@ -335,6 +335,24 @@ func (c *Client) LinkTelegramMerge(ctx context.Context, userID, externalID strin
 	return out, err
 }
 
+// LinkVK attaches a gateway-validated VK identity to the caller or reports a required
+// merge. externalID is the trusted vk user id resolved from the VK ID code exchange.
+func (c *Client) LinkVK(ctx context.Context, userID, externalID string) (LinkResultResp, error) {
+	var out LinkResultResp
+	err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/user/link/vk", userID, "",
+		map[string]string{"external_id": externalID}, &out)
+	return out, err
+}
+
+// LinkVKMerge merges the account owning a gateway-validated VK identity into the
+// caller's.
+func (c *Client) LinkVKMerge(ctx context.Context, userID, externalID string) (LinkResultResp, error) {
+	var out LinkResultResp
+	err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/user/link/vk/merge", userID, "",
+		map[string]string{"external_id": externalID}, &out)
+	return out, err
+}
+
 // ChangeEmailRequest asks the backend to mail a confirm-code to a new address for an
 // authenticated email change.
 func (c *Client) ChangeEmailRequest(ctx context.Context, userID, email string) error {