feat(android): scaffold Capacitor 8 native project + hardware Back button

Add @capacitor/{core,android,app,cli,assets} to ui/, a capacitor.config.ts (appId ru.eruditgame.app, appName Эрудит, webDir dist — bundle model, no server.url), and the generated ui/android/ Gradle project (tracked; build outputs and the machine-specific local.properties gitignored, keystore patterns un-commented so signing material can never be committed). Wire the Android hardware Back button in ui/src/lib/native.ts behind a dynamic @capacitor/app import (web/mock bundles never load it), called from App.svelte onMount and reusing routeDepth for the navigation-root check. Whitelist sharp in pnpm-workspace.yaml for @capacitor/assets icon generation.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

ui/src/App.svelte

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
   import { app, bootstrap, resolveOfflinePrompt } from './lib/app.svelte';
   import { router, type RouteName } from './lib/router.svelte';
   import { t } from './lib/i18n/index.svelte';
+  import { initNativeShell } from './lib/native';
   import Toast from './components/Toast.svelte';
   import Splash from './components/Splash.svelte';
   import StaleInviteModal from './components/StaleInviteModal.svelte';
@@ -32,6 +33,10 @@
     void bootstrap().then(() => {
       (window as unknown as { __booted?: boolean }).__booted = true;
     });
+    // Native shell only: wire the Android hardware Back button. No-op — and pulls no
+    // @capacitor/app — on web/Telegram/VK, where initNativeShell early-returns. At the
+    // navigation root (lobby/login) Back exits the app; otherwise it steps history back.
+    void initNativeShell(() => routeDepth(router.route.name) === 0);
   });
 
   // The lobby is the cold-start landing (an empty hash and Telegram launch params both parse

ui/src/lib/native.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// Native shell integration for the Capacitor Android/iOS builds. Kept in its own
+// module behind a dynamic import so the web / Telegram / VK / mock bundles never load
+// @capacitor/app: initNativeShell early-returns off the native channels, so the import
+// statement is only ever reached inside the packaged native app.
+
+import { clientChannel } from './channel';
+
+/**
+ * initNativeShell wires native-shell behaviour that only applies inside the packaged
+ * Capacitor app. Currently it binds the Android hardware Back button: at the navigation
+ * root it exits the app, otherwise it steps the in-app (hash) history back. It is a
+ * no-op on the web/Telegram/VK channels and never loads @capacitor/app there.
+ *
+ * atNavigationRoot reports whether the current route is a navigation root (the lobby or
+ * login screen) — mirror App.svelte's routeDepth(...) === 0.
+ */
+export async function initNativeShell(atNavigationRoot: () => boolean): Promise<void> {
+  const ch = clientChannel();
+  if (ch !== 'android' && ch !== 'ios') return;
+  const { App } = await import('@capacitor/app');
+  App.addListener('backButton', () => {
+    if (atNavigationRoot()) void App.exitApp();
+    else history.back();
+  });
+}