feat(ui): diagnostic screen on /telegram/ instead of the landing bounce

A Mini App launch on /telegram/ without sign-in data (empty initData) used to
location.replace('/') — bouncing the visitor to the marketing landing. That
destroyed all diagnosability and, on some Android clients that reach the entry
with no initData, simply looked like the app refusing to open.

Replace the bounce with a compact, privacy-safe launch-error screen
(screens/TelegramLaunchError.svelte) that renders a one-screenshot diagnostic
snapshot captured at the moment of failure: SDK/WebApp presence, Telegram
platform/version, whether initData is empty, whether the URL fragment carried
tgWebAppData, the initData field NAMES present/missing (never the signed
values, never an IP), and OS/mobile/browser via User-Agent Client Hints plus
the full User-Agent. A Share button delivers it through the OS share sheet
(clipboard copy on desktop, reusing the GCG no-webview-strand guard); Retry
re-checks in place to recover a late initData without a reload (which would
discard the launch fragment).

This is the instrument to root-cause the Android empty-initData failure, which
is not reproducible in Playwright.

Tests: collectTelegramDiag + shareText/pickTextShare unit tests; the /telegram/
e2e now asserts the diagnostic screen, not a redirect. Docs: ARCHITECTURE.md +
UI_DESIGN.md updated.

ui/src/lib/app.svelte.ts

@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ import { languageNeedsServerSync } from './language';
 import { applyReduceMotion, applyTelegramTheme, applyTheme, type ThemePref } from './theme';
 import {
   insideTelegram,
+  collectTelegramDiag,
+  type TelegramDiag,
   onTelegramPath,
   telegramColorScheme,
   telegramContentSafeAreaTop,
@@ -47,6 +49,11 @@ export const app = $state<{
    *  backend was down during a deploy). App.svelte then renders the boot-error retry screen
    *  instead of the web login — a Mini App has no manual sign-in to fall back to. */
   bootError: boolean;
+  /** On the dedicated /telegram/ entry, set to a privacy-safe diagnostic snapshot when a Mini App
+   *  launch carried no sign-in data (empty initData). App.svelte then renders the compact
+   *  launch-error screen (screens/TelegramLaunchError) — a shareable probe for why Telegram
+   *  delivered no initData (seen on some Android clients) — instead of bouncing to the landing. */
+  launchError: TelegramDiag | null;
   /** Whether the lobby's first cold load has settled (success or error). The loading splash
    *  (components/Splash.svelte) watches it to know when to dismiss; set by screens/Lobby. */
   lobbyReady: boolean;
@@ -96,6 +103,7 @@ export const app = $state<{
 }>({
   ready: false,
   bootError: false,
+  launchError: null,
   lobbyReady: false,
   splashDone: false,
   streamAlive: false,
@@ -530,6 +538,29 @@ function syncViewportHeight(): void {
   if (h > 0) document.documentElement.style.setProperty('--vvh', `${h}px`);
 }
 
+/**
+ * applyTelegramChrome applies a Mini App launch's visual integration: Telegram's authoritative
+ * colour scheme and theme, the matching header / background / bottom chrome, the safe-area insets,
+ * the swipe-down guard, and immersive fullscreen on mobile. It is idempotent, so both the initial
+ * bootstrap and a manual launch retry call it.
+ */
+function applyTelegramChrome(launch: TelegramLaunch): void {
+  if (launch.theme) applyTelegramTheme(launch.theme);
+  // Inside Telegram the colour scheme is Telegram's to decide; force it explicitly so the OS
+  // prefers-color-scheme (which leaks into the Telegram Desktop webview) cannot fight it. Falls
+  // back to the stored preference when the SDK omits it.
+  applyTheme(telegramColorScheme() ?? app.theme);
+  // Match Telegram's chrome to the app and stop its swipe-down-to-minimise from fighting tile
+  // drag / board scroll.
+  syncTelegramChrome();
+  syncTelegramSafeArea();
+  telegramDisableVerticalSwipes();
+  // On mobile, go immersive fullscreen like Telegram's own Mini Apps; the fullscreenChanged
+  // listener (registered at bootstrap) then re-syncs the safe-area insets. Desktop keeps the bot's
+  // full-size window. No-op on clients predating Bot API 8.0.
+  telegramRequestFullscreen();
+}
+
 export async function bootstrap(): Promise<void> {
   const prefs = await loadPrefs();
   app.theme = prefs.theme ?? 'auto';
@@ -553,33 +584,23 @@ export async function bootstrap(): Promise<void> {
     window.visualViewport.addEventListener('scroll', syncViewportHeight);
   }
 
-  // Telegram Mini App launch: apply the platform theme, authenticate via initData,
-  // and route any deep-link start parameter. On the dedicated /telegram/ entry path
-  // outside Telegram (no initData), refuse to render and send the visitor to the
-  // site root.
+  // Telegram Mini App launch: apply the platform theme, authenticate via initData, and route any
+  // deep-link start parameter. On the dedicated /telegram/ entry without sign-in data (no/empty
+  // initData — outside Telegram, or a Mini App launch that delivered none, as seen on some Android
+  // clients), render the compact launch-error screen with a diagnostic snapshot the user can share
+  // with the developer, instead of bouncing the visitor to the marketing landing.
   if (onTelegramPath() && !insideTelegram()) {
-    if (typeof location !== 'undefined') location.replace('/');
+    app.launchError = collectTelegramDiag();
+    app.ready = true;
     return;
   }
   if (insideTelegram()) {
     const launch = telegramLaunch();
-    if (launch.theme) applyTelegramTheme(launch.theme);
-    // Inside Telegram the colour scheme is Telegram's to decide; force it explicitly
-    // so the OS prefers-color-scheme (which leaks into the Telegram Desktop webview)
-    // cannot fight it. Falls back to the stored preference when the SDK omits it.
-    applyTheme(telegramColorScheme() ?? app.theme);
-    // Match Telegram's chrome to the app and stop its swipe-down-to-minimise from
-    // fighting tile drag / board scroll.
-    syncTelegramChrome();
-    syncTelegramSafeArea();
+    applyTelegramChrome(launch);
+    // Re-sync the safe-area insets whenever Telegram's chrome changes (registered once per load).
     telegramOnEvent('contentSafeAreaChanged', syncTelegramSafeArea);
     telegramOnEvent('safeAreaChanged', syncTelegramSafeArea);
     telegramOnEvent('fullscreenChanged', syncTelegramSafeArea);
-    telegramDisableVerticalSwipes();
-    // On mobile, go immersive fullscreen like Telegram's own Mini Apps; the fullscreenChanged
-    // listener above then re-syncs the safe-area insets. Desktop keeps the bot's full-size
-    // window. No-op on clients predating Bot API 8.0.
-    telegramRequestFullscreen();
     await bootTelegram(launch);
     app.ready = true;
     return;
@@ -646,6 +667,26 @@ export async function retryTelegramBoot(): Promise<void> {
   app.ready = true;
 }
 
+/**
+ * retryTelegramLaunch re-attempts a Mini App launch from the launch-error screen's Retry button. If
+ * sign-in data is present now (e.g. it arrived late on a slow client) it clears the error and runs
+ * the normal launch; otherwise it refreshes the diagnostic snapshot so the screen reflects the
+ * current state. It never reloads — telegram-web-app.js consumes the launch fragment on first load,
+ * so a reload could discard the very data we are waiting for.
+ */
+export async function retryTelegramLaunch(): Promise<void> {
+  if (!insideTelegram()) {
+    app.launchError = collectTelegramDiag();
+    return;
+  }
+  app.launchError = null;
+  app.ready = false;
+  const launch = telegramLaunch();
+  applyTelegramChrome(launch);
+  await bootTelegram(launch);
+  app.ready = true;
+}
+
 /**
  * routeStartParam navigates a Telegram deep-link start parameter to its target: a
  * specific game, the friends screen with a friend-code redemption, or the lobby

ui/src/lib/i18n/en.ts

@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@ export const en = {
   'boot.errorTitle': "Couldn't load the game",
   'boot.errorBody': 'Please try again in a moment.',
 
+  'launch.errorTitle': "Can't open in Telegram",
+  'launch.errorBody': 'Screenshot or share this with the developer.',
+  'launch.share': 'Share',
+  'launch.copied': 'Copied',
+
   'common.back': 'Back',
   'common.cancel': 'Cancel',
   'common.ok': 'OK',

ui/src/lib/i18n/ru.ts

@@ -15,6 +15,11 @@ export const ru: Record<MessageKey, string> = {
   'boot.errorTitle': 'Не удалось загрузить игру',
   'boot.errorBody': 'Попробуйте ещё раз или зайдите позже.',
 
+  'launch.errorTitle': 'Не открывается в Telegram',
+  'launch.errorBody': 'Сделайте скриншот или поделитесь с разработчиком.',
+  'launch.share': 'Поделиться',
+  'launch.copied': 'Скопировано',
+
   'common.back': 'Назад',
   'common.cancel': 'Отмена',
   'common.ok': 'ОК',

ui/src/lib/share.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
-import { pickGcgDelivery, shareOrDownloadGcg } from './share';
+import { pickGcgDelivery, pickTextShare, shareOrDownloadGcg, shareText } from './share';
 import type { GcgExport } from './model';
 
 const file = {} as File;
@@ -60,3 +60,42 @@ describe('shareOrDownloadGcg', () => {
     expect(anchor.click).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
   });
 });
+
+describe('pickTextShare', () => {
+  it('shares when Web Share is available', () => {
+    expect(pickTextShare({ share: async () => {}, canShare: () => true })).toBe('share');
+  });
+
+  it('shares when share exists without canShare (text needs no file capability check)', () => {
+    expect(pickTextShare({ share: async () => {} })).toBe('share');
+  });
+
+  it('copies when there is no Web Share (desktop)', () => {
+    expect(pickTextShare(undefined)).toBe('copy');
+    expect(pickTextShare({} as never)).toBe('copy');
+  });
+});
+
+describe('shareText', () => {
+  afterEach(() => vi.unstubAllGlobals());
+
+  it('uses the OS share sheet when available', async () => {
+    const share = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined);
+    vi.stubGlobal('navigator', { share, canShare: () => true });
+    expect(await shareText('diag', 'title')).toBe('shared');
+    expect(share).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ title: 'title', text: 'diag' });
+  });
+
+  it('copies to the clipboard when Web Share is absent (desktop)', async () => {
+    const writeText = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined);
+    vi.stubGlobal('navigator', { clipboard: { writeText } });
+    expect(await shareText('diag', 'title')).toBe('copied');
+    expect(writeText).toHaveBeenCalledWith('diag');
+  });
+
+  it('reports failure without a fallback when the share is cancelled', async () => {
+    const share = vi.fn().mockRejectedValue(new DOMException('cancelled', 'AbortError'));
+    vi.stubGlobal('navigator', { share, canShare: () => true });
+    expect(await shareText('diag', 'title')).toBe('failed');
+  });
+});

ui/src/lib/share.ts

@@ -51,3 +51,42 @@ function downloadFile(content: string, filename: string): void {
   a.remove();
   URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
 }
+
+type TextShareNav = Pick<Navigator, 'share'> & { canShare?: Navigator['canShare'] };
+
+/**
+ * pickTextShare decides how to deliver a plain-text payload: through the OS share sheet (Web Share,
+ * available on mobile including the Telegram Mini App) or, on a desktop browser without it, a
+ * clipboard copy. Pure, so it is unit-tested with a mock navigator.
+ */
+export function pickTextShare(nav: TextShareNav | undefined): 'share' | 'copy' {
+  if (nav && typeof nav.share === 'function' && (typeof nav.canShare !== 'function' || nav.canShare({ text: 'x' }))) {
+    return 'share';
+  }
+  return 'copy';
+}
+
+/**
+ * shareText delivers text through the OS share sheet where supported, else copies it to the
+ * clipboard. It reports the path taken — 'shared', 'copied', or 'failed' (a cancelled share or an
+ * unavailable clipboard) — so the caller can confirm a silent copy to the user. Like
+ * shareOrDownloadGcg it never strands the webview: a cancelled share simply does nothing.
+ */
+export async function shareText(text: string, title: string): Promise<'shared' | 'copied' | 'failed'> {
+  const nav = typeof navigator !== 'undefined' ? navigator : undefined;
+  if (!nav) return 'failed';
+  if (pickTextShare(nav) === 'share') {
+    try {
+      await nav.share({ title, text });
+      return 'shared';
+    } catch {
+      return 'failed';
+    }
+  }
+  try {
+    await nav.clipboard.writeText(text);
+    return 'copied';
+  } catch {
+    return 'failed';
+  }
+}

ui/src/lib/telegram.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 import {
+  collectTelegramDiag,
   insideTelegram,
   routeExternalLinkInTelegram,
   telegramClosingConfirmation,
@@ -155,3 +156,44 @@ describe('routeExternalLinkInTelegram', () => {
     expect(routeExternalLinkInTelegram({ href: 'https://x.io', target: '_blank' })).toBe(false);
   });
 });
+
+describe('collectTelegramDiag', () => {
+  afterEach(() => vi.unstubAllGlobals());
+
+  it('reports a missing SDK outside Telegram', () => {
+    const d = collectTelegramDiag();
+    expect(d.hasSDK).toBe(false);
+    expect(d.hasWebApp).toBe(false);
+    expect(d.initDataLen).toBe(0);
+    expect(d.fieldsPresent).toEqual([]);
+    expect(d.fieldsMissing).toEqual(['user', 'auth_date', 'hash', 'signature']);
+  });
+
+  it('reads field NAMES (never values) from a non-empty initData', () => {
+    stubWebApp('query_id=abc&user=%7B%7D&auth_date=1&hash=deadbeef');
+    const d = collectTelegramDiag();
+    expect(d.hasSDK).toBe(true);
+    expect(d.hasWebApp).toBe(true);
+    expect(d.initDataLen).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+    expect(d.fieldsPresent).toEqual(['query_id', 'user', 'auth_date', 'hash']);
+    expect(d.fieldsMissing).toEqual(['signature']);
+  });
+
+  it('recovers field names from the URL fragment when the SDK left initData empty', () => {
+    // Telegram passed launch data in the fragment, but WebApp.initData is empty (the Android
+    // failure this screen diagnoses): the names come from the raw fragment instead, and
+    // hashHadTgData flags that the data did arrive in the URL.
+    vi.stubGlobal('window', { Telegram: { WebApp: { initData: '', platform: 'android' } } });
+    vi.stubGlobal('location', {
+      hash: '#tgWebAppData=user%3D%257B%257D%26auth_date%3D1%26hash%3Ddeadbeef&tgWebAppVersion=7.0',
+      pathname: '/telegram/',
+    });
+    const d = collectTelegramDiag();
+    expect(d.hasSDK).toBe(true);
+    expect(d.platform).toBe('android');
+    expect(d.initDataLen).toBe(0);
+    expect(d.hashHadTgData).toBe(true);
+    expect(d.fieldsPresent).toEqual(['user', 'auth_date', 'hash']);
+    expect(d.fieldsMissing).toEqual(['signature']);
+  });
+});

ui/src/lib/telegram.ts

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ interface TelegramWebApp {
   initData: string;
   initDataUnsafe?: { start_param?: string };
   platform?: string;
+  version?: string;
   themeParams?: TelegramThemeParams;
   colorScheme?: 'light' | 'dark';
   isFullscreen?: boolean;
@@ -302,6 +303,120 @@ export function onTelegramPath(): boolean {
   return location.pathname.startsWith('/telegram/');
 }
 
+// --- Launch diagnostics (the /telegram/ entry without sign-in data) ---
+
+/** The initData fields a valid Telegram launch is expected to carry; their absence is the signal
+ *  the launch-error screen reports. Only field names are ever inspected, never their values. */
+const expectedInitDataFields = ['user', 'auth_date', 'hash', 'signature'];
+
+interface uaBrand {
+  brand: string;
+  version: string;
+}
+
+interface uaDataValue {
+  platform?: string;
+  mobile?: boolean;
+  brands?: uaBrand[];
+}
+
+/** uaData returns the User-Agent Client Hints object (Chromium only — notably the Android Telegram
+ *  webview), or undefined where it is unavailable (iOS / Safari / Firefox). */
+function uaData(): uaDataValue | undefined {
+  if (typeof navigator === 'undefined') return undefined;
+  return (navigator as unknown as { userAgentData?: uaDataValue }).userAgentData;
+}
+
+/** launchFragmentData returns the raw tgWebAppData carried in the URL fragment (the form Telegram
+ *  appends on launch), or '' when absent. With no SDK present a non-empty value means Telegram
+ *  delivered the data but telegram-web-app.js never ran to parse it. */
+function launchFragmentData(): string {
+  if (typeof location === 'undefined') return '';
+  const frag = location.hash.replace(/^#/, '');
+  if (!frag) return '';
+  try {
+    return new URLSearchParams(frag).get('tgWebAppData') ?? '';
+  } catch {
+    return '';
+  }
+}
+
+/** initDataFieldNames parses a Telegram initData (or raw fragment data) query string and returns
+ *  only its field NAMES — never the values, since the hash / signature are auth material. */
+function initDataFieldNames(raw: string): string[] {
+  if (!raw) return [];
+  try {
+    return [...new URLSearchParams(raw).keys()];
+  } catch {
+    return [];
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * TelegramDiag is a privacy-safe snapshot of why a Mini App launch lacked sign-in data, taken at
+ * the moment of failure and rendered on the launch-error screen so a stuck user can share it with
+ * the developer. It carries no secret values — only presence flags, client / OS identification and
+ * the field NAMES of the launch data, never the signed initData itself, and never an IP.
+ */
+export interface TelegramDiag {
+  /** Whether window.Telegram (the telegram-web-app.js script) is present at all. */
+  hasSDK: boolean;
+  /** Whether window.Telegram.WebApp is present. */
+  hasWebApp: boolean;
+  /** Telegram's own platform string (ios | android | android_x | tdesktop | web | …), or ''. */
+  platform: string;
+  /** The Bot API version the client reports, or ''. */
+  version: string;
+  /** The length of WebApp.initData — 0 is the failure this screen reports. */
+  initDataLen: number;
+  /** Whether the URL fragment still carried tgWebAppData at launch; true with hasSDK false means
+   *  Telegram delivered the data but the SDK script did not load to parse it. */
+  hashHadTgData: boolean;
+  /** The field names present in the launch data (from initData, or the raw fragment when the SDK
+   *  left initData empty); values are never included. */
+  fieldsPresent: string[];
+  /** The expected field names absent from the launch data (a subset of expectedInitDataFields). */
+  fieldsMissing: string[];
+  /** The OS / platform per User-Agent Client Hints (else navigator.platform), e.g. 'Android', ''. */
+  osPlatform: string;
+  /** Whether the client reports itself mobile per Client Hints: 'yes' | 'no' | '' (unknown). */
+  mobile: string;
+  /** The browser brands + major versions per Client Hints (Chromium only), or ''. */
+  browser: string;
+  /** The full User-Agent string — the catch-all that also carries the OS version and webview build. */
+  userAgent: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * collectTelegramDiag captures a TelegramDiag snapshot of the current launch state. Call it at the
+ * point a /telegram/ launch is found to lack sign-in data, so the snapshot reflects that moment —
+ * sign-in data arriving late would otherwise mask the failure.
+ */
+export function collectTelegramDiag(): TelegramDiag {
+  const w = webApp();
+  const sdk = typeof window !== 'undefined' && !!(window as unknown as { Telegram?: unknown }).Telegram;
+  const initData = w?.initData ?? '';
+  const fragData = initData ? '' : launchFragmentData();
+  const present = initDataFieldNames(initData || fragData);
+  const ua = uaData();
+  const navPlatform =
+    typeof navigator === 'undefined' ? '' : (navigator as unknown as { platform?: string }).platform ?? '';
+  return {
+    hasSDK: sdk,
+    hasWebApp: !!w,
+    platform: w?.platform ?? '',
+    version: w?.version ?? '',
+    initDataLen: initData.length,
+    hashHadTgData: fragData.length > 0,
+    fieldsPresent: present,
+    fieldsMissing: expectedInitDataFields.filter((f) => !present.includes(f)),
+    osPlatform: ua?.platform ?? navPlatform,
+    mobile: ua?.mobile === undefined ? '' : ua.mobile ? 'yes' : 'no',
+    browser: (ua?.brands ?? []).map((b) => `${b.brand} ${b.version}`).join(', '),
+    userAgent: typeof navigator === 'undefined' ? '' : navigator.userAgent,
+  };
+}
+
 // --- Login Widget (web sign-in for account linking) ---
 
 // The Login Widget is the web (non-Mini-App) Telegram sign-in. It is used only to